EU designates ChatGPT a "Very Large Online Search Engine," subjecting OpenAI to the strictest DSA obligations
The European Commission designated ChatGPT a Very Large Online Search Engine (VLOSE) under the Digital Services Act (DSA) on August 31. The Commission said ChatGPT's live web-search function makes it a "hybrid service" that qualifies as an online search engine because it can respond to user prompts and queries, including by searching the web; ChatGPT has 159.1 million monthly active users in the EU, far above the 45-million-user threshold for designation. The same announcement placed Reddit and Roblox under the DSA's strictest digital-safety rules as well. Under the designation, OpenAI has four months — until the end of November — to complete annual systemic risk assessments covering illegal content, minor protection, mental and physical wellbeing, fundamental rights, electoral processes, and public security, submit to independent audits, and share data with regulators and vetted researchers. Full compliance is due by December 2026, with penalties of up to 6% of global annual turnover for non-compliance.
Verification note: Summarized from Euronews and Business Standard reporting and the European Commission's announcement. Refer to official Commission documents for full compliance timelines.